Truslen fra Kina

”Jeg vil give det råd til alle virksomheder, der i dag har aktiviteter i Kina, at de gradvist begynder at trække sig ud og begynder at placere deres aktiviteter i andre lande i Asien.”

Sådan sagde tidligere statsminister Anders Fogh Rasmussen 20. januar 2023 i Berlingske Tidende.

Anders Fogh er ikke alene – EU ser Kina som ”systemisk rival”, og frustrationerne over Riget i Midten er vokset betydeligt – især over landets aggressive, stærkt centraliserede industristrategi med opkøb af europæiske virksomheder inden for nøgleindustrier, mens det kinesiske marked fortsat er relativt lukket land. Og over landets manglende reformer, unfair handelspolitik, industrispionage og over Kinas støtte til Ruslands krigsførelse i Ukraine.

Det netop afholdte Nato-topmøde i Washington markerede alliancens 75-års jubilæum med USA’s præsident Joe Biden som vært.

Nato fordømmer Kina

Topmødet, der startede tirsdag og sluttede torsdag den 11. juli 2024, fremhævede NATO’s faste beslutning om at forsvare sine globale interesser og understregede den trussel, som partnerskabet mellem Rusland og Kina udgør mod den vestlige verden. For første gang pegede NATO direkte på Kina som en aktiv støtte for Ruslands krigsførelse i Ukraine, og udtrykte dyb bekymring over det stadig dybere strategiske partnerskab mellem Rusland og Kina, som søger at undergrave den regelbaserede internationale orden. I deklarationen blev det klart, at Kina ved at støtte Rusland i konflikten i Ukraine ikke blot truer Vestens interesser, men også risikerer negative konsekvenser for sine egne interesser og omdømme.

Belarus, Nordkorea og Iran

I forhold til den globale sikkerhedsarkitektur understregede NATO behovet for at håndtere trusler fra andre stater end Kina som Belarus, Nordkorea og Iran, som også støtter Ruslands handlinger i Ukraine:

“23.       We urge all countries not to provide any kind of assistance to Russia’s aggression.  We condemn all those who are facilitating and thereby prolonging Russia’s war in Ukraine.

24.       Belarus continues to enable this war by making available its territory and infrastructure.  Russia’s deepening political and military integration of Belarus, including the deployment of advanced Russian military capabilities and personnel, has negative implications for regional stability and the defence of the Alliance.

25.       The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) and Iran are fuelling Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine by providing direct military support to Russia, such as munitions and uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), which seriously impacts Euro-Atlantic security and undermines the global non-proliferation regime.  We strongly condemn the DPRK’s exports of artillery shells and ballistic missiles, which are in violation of numerous United Nations Security Council resolutions and note with great concern the deepening ties between the DPRK and Russia.  Any transfer of ballistic missiles and related technology by Iran to Russia would represent a substantial escalation.

26.       The PRC has become a decisive enabler of Russia’s war against Ukraine through its so-called “no limits” partnership and its large-scale support for Russia’s defence industrial base.  This increases the threat Russia poses to its neighbours and to Euro-Atlantic security.  We call on the PRC, as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council with a particular responsibility to uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, to cease all material and political support to Russia’s war effort.  This includes the transfer of dual-use materials, such as weapons components, equipment, and raw materials that serve as inputs for Russia’s defence sector.  The PRC cannot enable the largest war in Europe in recent history without this negatively impacting its interests and reputation.

27.       The PRC continues to pose systemic challenges to Euro-Atlantic security.  We have seen sustained malicious cyber and hybrid activities, including disinformation, stemming from the PRC.  We call on the PRC to uphold its commitment to act responsibly in cyberspace.  We are concerned by developments in the PRC’s space capabilities and activities.  We call on the PRC to support international efforts to promote responsible space behaviour. The PRC continues to rapidly expand and diversify its nuclear arsenal with more warheads and a larger number of sophisticated delivery systems.  We urge the PRC to engage in strategic risk reduction discussions and promote stability through transparency.  We remain open to constructive engagement with the PRC, including to build reciprocal transparency with the view of safeguarding the Alliance’s security interests.  At the same time, we are boosting our shared awareness, enhancing our resilience and preparedness, and protecting against the PRC’s coercive tactics and efforts to divide the Alliance.”